冬季低温环境下容易影响腻子中有机添加剂的溶解，从而影响腻子批刮后的成膜质量，所以冬季低温环境施工存在较大的质量问题，那么在冬季低温进行腻子粉的施工应该注意哪些要求呢？

In low temperature environments in winter, it is easy to affect the dissolution of organic additives in putty, thereby affecting the film formation quality of putty after scraping. Therefore, there are significant quality problems in construction in low temperature environments in winter. So, what requirements should be paid attention to when applying putty powder at low temperatures in winter?

施工温度要在5℃以上

The construction temperature should be above 5 ℃

施工温度一直都是非常重要的因素，腻子的施工温度要在5℃以上。腻子粉中有很多添加剂，它们需要在一定的温度下才能溶解，若是温度过低，这些添加剂的溶解速度就会非常慢，无法充分溶解，这就会直接影响到后期的腻子成膜速度和质量，导致施工性能和腻子结构力降低。

The construction temperature has always been a very important factor, and the construction temperature of putty should be above 5 ℃. There are many additives in putty powder that need to be dissolved at a certain temperature. If the temperature is too low, the dissolution rate of these additives will be very slow and cannot be fully dissolved, which will directly affect the later film formation speed and quality of putty, leading to a decrease in construction performance and putty structural strength.

低温会影响腻子成膜效果，另外在夜间由于霜冻可能造成腻子结构破坏，导致起粉、打磨脱层现象。施工时应随时关注天气预报（温度、湿度变化），若出现低温（低于5℃）、高湿（85%）和雨雪天时，应停止施工。若白天温度高而早晚温度低时，应选择在高温时段施工，各地可以根据当地实际情况，如早上9点以后施工，下午3点停工，当气温连续低于5℃时不允许施工。

Low temperature can affect the film-forming effect of putty, and at night, frost may cause damage to the putty structure, leading to powdering, polishing, and delamination. During construction, attention should be paid to weather forecasts (temperature and humidity changes) at all times. If there are low temperatures (below 5 ℃), high humidity (85%), and rainy or snowy days, construction should be stopped. If the temperature is high during the day and low in the morning and evening, construction should be carried out during high temperature periods. Local conditions can be adjusted accordingly, such as starting construction after 9am and stopping work at 3pm. Construction is not allowed when the temperature is continuously below 5 ℃.

施工环境过热、过干也不行：腻子施工适宜在5℃-35℃的环境下进行。

The construction environment is too hot or too dry, which is not suitable: putty construction should be carried out in an environment between 5 ℃ and 35 ℃.

刮腻子施工前需进行测量

Measurement is required before applying putty

刮腻子施工前，需要先用尺子来进行测量，看看墙面是否平整，以便于确定刮腻子的方式。刮腻子一般施工三遍即可，不仅让墙面更加平整，而且能将底色覆盖掉。

Before applying putty, it is necessary to measure with a ruler to see if the wall is flat, in order to determine the method of applying putty. Generally, applying putty three times is sufficient, which not only makes the wall smoother but also covers the base color.

如果墙面不平整的地方，则涂刮多遍腻子来进行找平处理，但每道腻子施工间隔应在两三小时，确保墙面充分干燥。

If the wall is uneven, apply multiple layers of putty for leveling treatment, but the interval between each layer of putty should be two to three hours to ensure that the wall is fully dry.

腻子搅拌好放置几分钟，再搅拌使用

Mix the putty well and let it stand for a few minutes before mixing and using

冬季水温较低，腻子粉加水后，腻子中的添加剂溶解速度变慢，溶解速度没有温度高的季节快，因此，在搅拌后放置10-15分钟或二次搅拌，是为了给腻子中的成分提供充分溶解的时间以保证腻子的施工性能和后期成膜质量，避免造成添加剂的浪费。

In winter, the water temperature is relatively low. After adding water to putty powder, the dissolution rate of additives in putty slows down, and the dissolution rate is not as fast as in high temperature seasons. Therefore, after mixing, it is necessary to leave it for 10-15 minutes or secondary mixing to provide sufficient dissolution time for the components in putty to ensure its construction performance and later film quality, and to avoid waste of additives.

腻子在调制成膏状后，在半天之内用完，以免腻子失水导致施工性降低。

After the putty is formulated into a paste, it should be used up within half a day to avoid water loss and reduced workability.

腻子批刮厚度在1mm-3mm之间

The thickness of putty batch scraping is between 1mm and 3mm

墙面腻子的批刮一次不能太薄也不能太厚。

The batch of wall putty should not be too thin or too thick at once.

太薄，腻子层容易失水过快导致腻子出现粉化，终会影响涂装的效果。

If it is too thin, the putty layer can easily lose water too quickly, leading to powdering of the putty and ultimately affecting the coating effect.

太厚，直接影响腻子的终硬化时间（干燥时间），一次批刮过厚将延长干燥时间，在高湿度的环境下水分更容易富集在表面而导致起釉现象，打磨时容易形成破层，碱性耐水型腻子会更加普遍。

If it is too thick, it directly affects the final hardening time (drying time) of the putty. Scraping it too thick in one batch will prolong the drying time. In high humidity environments, water is more likely to accumulate on the surface, leading to glaze phenomenon. During polishing, it is easy to form a broken layer, and alkaline and water-resistant putty will be more common.

因此， 面层细腻子施工厚度通常控制在1mm左右；耐水、耐潮型面层腻子更应该控制好批刮厚度；石膏基底层腻子每遍施工厚度通常在3mm以上，因批刮厚度不一致，干燥程度差异，墙面会出现“大花脸”，属于正常现象。

Therefore, the construction thickness of the fine putty on the surface layer is usually controlled at around 1mm; Waterproof and moisture resistant surface layer putty should have a better control over the thickness of the batch scraping; The thickness of each layer of gypsum base layer putty is usually above 3mm. Due to inconsistent batch scraping thickness and differences in drying degree, "large flower faces" may appear on the wall, which is a normal phenomenon.

每遍腻子施工间隔时间要求

Requirements for the interval time between each layer of putty construction

基层墙面腻子施工，一般需要批刮3遍，底层腻子批刮后未干透不得做面层腻子，做此项工作应在第一遍完全干透后(冬天一般间隔2-3天)后方可进行第二遍批刮，否则会出现底层腻子与面层腻子气泡、空鼓和脱层现象，特别是我们在冬季低温施工和赶工期时特别要注意。

The construction of base layer wall putty generally requires three coats of scraping. If the bottom layer putty is not fully dried after scraping, the surface layer putty cannot be applied. This work should be done after the first coat is completely dry (usually 2-3 days in winter) before the second coat of scraping can be carried out. Otherwise, there may be bubbles, hollowing, and delamination between the bottom layer putty and the surface layer putty, especially during low-temperature construction and rush periods in winter.

冬季必须前一遍干透后再进行下一遍的施工，冬季48-72小时，后一遍腻子施工完成后，干燥无水印且产生硬度即可打磨，一般在批刮之后3天左右完成打磨，如局部湿度较高则适当延长，不可长期晾置（7天以上可能会导致腻子层粉化）。

In winter, the first layer of putty must be completely dry before proceeding with the next layer of construction. During winter, it takes 48-72 hours. After the last layer of putty construction is completed, it should be dried without water marks and produce hardness before polishing. Generally, polishing should be completed about 3 days after batch scraping. If the local humidity is high, it should be extended appropriately and not left to air for a long time (more than 7 days may cause the putty layer to powder).

腻子防冻及通风干燥要求

Requirements for anti freezing and ventilation drying of putty

在刮腻子施工完成后通常要进行开窗通风，加快腻子的晾干速度。但是在冬季室外的温度较低，很容易使得腻子层被冻住。所以通风的时间要尽量选择在温度偏高的中午，通风的时间长短也要好好把控，建议在上午10点至下午4点之间。

After the completion of putty application, it is usually necessary to open windows for ventilation to accelerate the drying speed of the putty. However, in winter, the outdoor temperature is relatively low, which can easily cause the putty layer to freeze. So the ventilation time should be chosen as much as possible at noon when the temperature is high, and the duration of ventilation should also be well controlled. It is recommended to do so between 10am and 4pm.

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