做外墙保温或者室内墙面找平的时候，抹面砂浆这道工序看着不起眼，但墙面后期裂不裂、起不起皮、渗不渗水，很大程度上就看这一层。很多工地出问题后第一反应是找涂料或者腻子的毛病，其实根子往往在抹面砂浆上——强度不够、粘结力差、柔韧性不足，上面做再好的面子活也白搭。

When doing external wall insulation or indoor wall leveling, the process of plastering mortar may seem inconspicuous, but whether the wall cracks, peels, or seeps in the later stage largely depends on this layer. After many construction sites encounter problems, their first reaction is to look for problems with coatings or putty. In fact, the root cause often lies in the plastering mortar - insufficient strength, poor bonding strength, and insufficient flexibility. No matter how good the surface work is done, it is useless.

先搞清楚抹面砂浆和普通砂浆的区别。 普通砌筑砂浆负责把砖块粘在一起，抹面砂浆负责的是墙面找平和防护，功能完全不同。抹面砂浆要薄层施工，所以对粘结强度、柔韧性和抗裂性要求更高。尤其是外墙外保温系统里，抹面砂浆要压覆耐碱网格布，形成一层有韧性的保护壳，既要扛住热胀冷缩，又要抵抗雨水冲刷和冻融循环。如果拿普通水泥砂浆代替抹面砂浆用在外保温上，时间一长必然开裂。

First, clarify the difference between plastering mortar and ordinary mortar. Ordinary masonry mortar is responsible for sticking bricks together, while plastering mortar is responsible for wall leveling and protection, with completely different functions. The plastering mortar needs to be applied in a thin layer, so higher requirements are placed on the bonding strength, flexibility, and crack resistance. Especially in the external wall insulation system, the plastering mortar should be covered with alkali resistant mesh cloth to form a resilient protective shell that can withstand thermal expansion and contraction, as well as resist rainwater erosion and freeze-thaw cycles. If ordinary cement mortar is used instead of plastering mortar for external insulation, it will inevitably crack over time.

抗裂性能，是抹面砂浆非常核心的指标。 济南四季分明，夏天高温暴晒，冬天低温冻融，墙面材料反复经历热胀冷缩。抹面砂浆如果柔韧性不够，变形能力差，就会在应力集中的地方开裂。好的抹面砂浆会添加聚合物胶粉和纤维，提高抗拉强度和延伸率，让砂浆层能跟着墙体微动而不破裂。采购时不能只看强度指标，压折比和拉伸粘结强度同样重要，压折比越低柔韧性越好。有些厂家为了降成本减少胶粉用量，砂浆压折比偏高，用上去看着没问题，过一个冬天裂纹就出来了。

Crack resistance is the core indicator of plastering mortar. Jinan has distinct four seasons, with high temperatures and direct sunlight in summer and low temperatures and freeze-thaw cycles in winter. The wall materials undergo repeated thermal expansion and contraction. If the flexibility and deformation ability of the plastering mortar are not sufficient, it will crack in areas of stress concentration. Good plastering mortar will add polymer adhesive powder and fibers to improve tensile strength and elongation, allowing the mortar layer to move along with the wall without breaking. When purchasing, it is not enough to only consider strength indicators. The compression ratio and tensile bonding strength are equally important, and the lower the compression ratio, the better the flexibility. Some manufacturers reduce the amount of adhesive powder used in order to lower costs. The mortar has a high compression ratio, which looks fine when used, but cracks will appear after a winter.

施工环节的坑，比材料本身还多。 抹面砂浆的加水比例要按说明书控制，水加多了强度下降，加少了施工困难还容易干裂。搅拌要均匀，静置几分钟后再搅一次，让添加剂充分溶解。施工时基层要湿润但不能有明水，一次抹太厚容易开裂，通常分两遍成活，第一遍压入网格布，第二遍找平。网格布要搭接够宽度，门窗洞口这些应力集中的位置还要加铺加强网。很多工地开裂不是因为砂浆不好，而是施工时偷工减料或者工序不对，把好材料用废了。

There are more pits in the construction process than in the materials themselves. The proportion of water added to the plastering mortar should be controlled according to the instructions. If there is too much water added, the strength will decrease, and if there is too little water added, it will be difficult to construct and prone to drying and cracking. Stir evenly, let it stand for a few minutes, and then stir again to fully dissolve the additive. During construction, the base layer should be moist but not have visible water. If it is applied too thick at once, it can easily crack. It is usually done in two layers, with the first layer pressed into the mesh cloth and the second layer leveled. The mesh fabric should be overlapped to a sufficient width, and reinforcement mesh should be added to stress concentrated areas such as door and window openings. Many construction sites crack not because the mortar is not good, but because of cutting corners or improper processes during construction, resulting in the waste of good materials.

选本地厂家，图的是供货稳和技术支持。 抹面砂浆用量大、运输成本高，就近采购能省不少运费，供货也及时。济南本地有实体工厂的建材厂，原材料供应稳定，配方可以根据季节和工地情况调整。更重要的是，本地厂家能提供现场技术指导，遇到基层特殊或者气候条件特殊的情况，有经验的技术人员能给出调整建议。采购时非常好实地看看厂家的生产设备和原材料，了解一下之前的供货案例，比只拿一份报价单靠谱。

Choose a local manufacturer, the picture shows stable supply and technical support. The amount of mortar used for plastering is large, and the transportation cost is high. Purchasing nearby can save a lot of shipping costs, and the supply is also timely. There are local building materials factories with physical factories in Jinan, with stable raw material supply and formulas that can be adjusted according to seasons and construction site conditions. More importantly, local manufacturers can provide on-site technical guidance, and experienced technicians can provide adjustment suggestions in case of special grassroots or climatic conditions. It is best to visit the manufacturer's production equipment and raw materials in person during procurement, and understand previous supply cases, which is more reliable than just providing a quotation.

抹面砂浆是墙面的“底层防线”，材料选对、施工做扎实，后面涂料和腻子才能发挥效果。把抗裂指标、施工规范、厂家服务这几件事确认清楚，墙面才能经得住济南的四季考验。

The plastering mortar is the "bottom line of defense" for the wall surface. Only when the materials are selected correctly and the construction is solid, can the subsequent coatings and putty be effective. Only by confirming the crack resistance indicators, construction standards, and manufacturer services clearly can the wall withstand the test of the four seasons in Jinan.

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