在CaS04-H20的系统中，主要有二水石膏(CaSO4·2H2O)、半水石膏(CaSO4·1/2H20)和无水石膏。它们又有很多变种，下面将详细介绍其性能和用途。PART.01

　　In the CaS04-H2O system, there are mainly dihydrate gypsum (CaSO4 · 2H2O), hemihydrate gypsum (CaSO4 · 1/2H20), and anhydrous gypsum. They have many variants, and their performance and uses will be described in detail below. PART.01

　　石膏粉的品种、性能和用途01二水石膏

　　What are the types, properties, and uses of gypsum powder  01 Dihydrate gypsum

　　二水石膏既是一种天然的矿物，也是脱水石膏水化后的最终水化产物。天然的二水石膏又称生石膏或简称石膏。化学组成的理论质量为:CaO32.57%，SO346.50%，H2O20.93%。其中常含有黏土、细砂等杂质。天然石膏的密度为 2.2~2.4g/cm ，常温下在水中的溶解度按 CaSO4计为 2.05g/L。

　　Dihydrate gypsum is both a natural mineral and the final hydration product of dehydrated gypsum. Natural dihydrate gypsum, also known as raw gypsum or simply gypsum. The theoretical mass of the chemical composition is: CaO 32.57%, SO346.50%, H2O2 0.93%. It often contains impurities such as clay and fine sand. The density of natural gypsum is 2.2~2.4g/cm  What is the solubility in water at room temperature  CaSO4 is calculated to be 2.05g/L.

　　天然二水石膏是建筑石膏和高强石膏的主要原料来源，同时在水泥工业中用于水泥生产的调凝剂。

　　Natural dihydrate gypsum is the main source of raw materials for building gypsum and high-strength gypsum, and is also used as a setting agent in cement production in the cement industry.

　　02半水石膏

　　02 Half water gypsum

　　半水石膏也称熟石膏，主要由二水石膏加热脱水制成。半水石膏有a和β两个变种。当二水石膏在加压水蒸气条件下，或在酸和盐的溶液中加热时可以生成a型半水石膏。

　　Semi hydrated gypsum, also known as gypsum, is mainly made by heating and dehydrating dihydrate gypsum. Half water gypsum has two variants, a and β. When dihydrate gypsum is heated under pressurized steam conditions or in a solution of acid and salt, it can generate type A hemihydrate gypsum.

　　如果二水石膏的脱水过程是在干燥环境中进行，则生成β型半水石膏。a型半水石膏的晶粒较粗，制成一定稠度的浆体时需水量小，硬化后强度较高，是人们通常所说的高强石膏。B型半水石膏的晶粒较细，制成一定稠度的浆体时，需水量较大硬化后强度较低，是人们常用的建筑石膏。

　　If the dehydration process of dihydrate gypsum is carried out in a dry environment, β - type hemihydrate gypsum is generated. A-type semi hydrated gypsum has coarser grains and requires less water to produce a certain consistency slurry. After hardening, it has higher strength and is commonly referred to as high-strength gypsum. B-type semi hydrated gypsum has fine grains and requires a large amount of water to produce a slurry with a certain consistency. After hardening, its strength is low, making it a commonly used building gypsum.

　　半水石膏主要用来生产各种石膏制品。

　　Half hydrated gypsum is mainly used to produce various gypsum products.

　　03无水石膏

　　03 Anhydrous gypsum

　　无水石膏又称为硬石膏，有天然的和人工制取的两种。天然硬石膏主要由无水硫酸钙组成，化学组成的理论质量为:CaO41.19%，SO358.81%。天然硬石膏主要形成于内海及盐湖中，是化学沉积作用的结果。硬石膏矿层一般位于二水石膏层下面，在水的作用下会转变成二水石膏，因此在天然硬石膏中常含有5%~10%的二水石膏。天然硬石膏密度 2.9~3.0g/cm 。

　　Anhydrous gypsum, also known as hard gypsum, has two types: natural and artificially produced. Natural hard gypsum is mainly composed of anhydrous calcium sulfate, with a theoretical chemical composition of CaO41.19% and SO358.81%. Natural hard gypsum is mainly formed in inland seas and salt lakes, and is the result of chemical sedimentation. The hard gypsum ore layer is generally located below the dihydrate gypsum layer and will transform into dihydrate gypsum under the action of water. Therefore, natural hard gypsum often contains 5% to 10% dihydrate gypsum. Natural hard gypsum has a density of 2.9~3.0g/cm .

　　人工制取的硬石膏主要包括Ⅲ型硬石膏(CaSO4Ⅲ)、Ⅱ型硬石膏(CaSO4Ⅱ)I型硬石膏(CaSO4I)三种。在工业上，当a型半水石膏在高压水蒸气条件下加热到 200~230℃时生成a型CaS04Ⅲ，当B型半水石膏在干燥空气中加热到200~360℃时生成8型CaSO4Ⅲ，它们都可称为可溶性无水石膏。Ⅲ型硬石膏水化时都要经过半水石膏阶段再形成二水石膏，其水化速率比半水石膏快，在潮湿空气中也能水化生成半水石膏。

　　The artificially produced hard gypsum mainly includes three types: type III hard gypsum (CaSO4 III), type II hard gypsum (CaSO4 II), and type I hard gypsum (CaSO4I). In industry, when A-type hemihydrate gypsum is heated to 200-230 ℃ under high-pressure steam conditions, A-type CaS04III is formed. When B-type hemihydrate gypsum is heated to 200-360 ℃ in dry air, 8-type CaSO4 III is formed. Both of them can be called soluble anhydrous gypsum. During the hydration of type III hard gypsum, it undergoes a semi hydrated gypsum stage before forming dihydrate gypsum, which has a faster hydration rate than semi hydrated gypsum and can also hydrate to form semi hydrated gypsum in humid air.

　　半水石膏加热到 400~1000℃，就完全失去水分成为难溶性硬石膏，失去凝结硬化能力，成为死烧石膏，即为Ⅱ型硬石膏。当温度超过1180℃时，Ⅱ型硬石膏转变为I型硬石膏，而且它只有在温度高于1180℃时才是稳定的，人们也称它为高温石膏。

　　When semi hydrated gypsum is heated to 400-1000 ℃, it completely loses moisture and becomes insoluble hard gypsum, losing its ability to set and harden, and becoming dead burned gypsum, which is type II hard gypsum. When the temperature exceeds 1180 ℃, type II hard gypsum transforms into type I hard gypsum, and it is only stable when the temperature is above 1180 ℃. It is also known as high-temperature gypsum.

　　与二水石膏相比，天然硬石膏具有较高的溶解度，但其溶解速率却十分缓慢，一般需要 40d以上才能达到溶解平衡。由于天然硬石膏在一般情况下水化及凝结硬化很慢，甚至长期不凝结，不具有强度，当用它作胶凝材料时必须经过活化处理。

　　Compared with dihydrate gypsum, natural hard gypsum has higher solubility, but its dissolution rate is very slow, generally requiring more than 40 days to reach dissolution equilibrium. Due to the slow hydration and setting hardening of natural hard gypsum in general, and even long-term non setting, it does not have strength. When used as a cementitious material, it must undergo activation treatment.

　　硬石膏也能在水泥工业中用于水泥生产的调凝剂。结晶水含量极少的天然硬石膏是国内生产UEA、CEA、AEA系列混凝土膨胀剂的重要原料。

　　Hard gypsum can also be used as a setting agent in cement production in the cement industry. Natural hard gypsum with extremely low crystal water content is an important raw material for the production of UEA, CEA, and AEA series concrete expansion agents in China.

　　PART.02

　　PART.02

　　石膏在干混砂浆中的应用

　　Application of gypsum in dry mixed mortar

　　建筑石膏具有许多优良的性能，在建筑材料中的应用也非常广泛。除了用来做各种石膏板、建筑艺术配件及建筑装饰、彩色石膏制品外，在砂浆中主要用来做砌筑抹灰、粉刷石膏、石膏基装饰砂浆、石膏基填缝剂等干混砂浆产品。

　　Architectural gypsum has many excellent properties and is widely used in building materials. In addition to being used to make various gypsum boards, architectural art accessories, building decorations, and colored gypsum products, it is mainly used in mortar to make dry mix mortar products such as masonry plastering, plastering gypsum, gypsum based decorative mortar, and gypsum based grout.

　　高强石膏适用于强度要求较高的抹灰干粉砂浆、装饰干粉砂浆、自流平干粉砂浆等产品的配制。在石膏中加入防水剂后，可制成高强耐水石膏，用于湿度较高的环境中。加入可再分散乳胶粉、纤维素醚等添加剂，可配制成粘接剂。

　　High strength gypsum is suitable for the preparation of plastering dry powder mortar, decorative dry powder mortar, self leveling dry powder mortar and other products with high strength requirements. After adding waterproofing agent to gypsum, high-strength and water-resistant gypsum can be made for use in environments with high humidity. Adding additives such as redispersible latex powder and cellulose ether can be used to prepare adhesives.

　　本文由 济南石膏粉  友情奉献.更多有关的知识请点击  https://www.jnfhjc.com/   真诚的态度.为您提供为全面的服务.更多有关的知识我们将会陆续向大家奉献.敬请期待.

　　This article is a friendly contribution from Jinan gypsum powder For more related knowledge, please click https://www.jnfhjc.com/ Sincere attitude To provide you with comprehensive services We will gradually contribute more relevant knowledge to everyone Coming soon.