抹面砂浆是用来给墙面找平、保护基层的材料，看起来施工简单，但实际工程中开裂、空鼓、脱落的问题比比皆是。很多人以为是材料质量不行，换了几个厂家的砂浆还是裂，问题其实出在施工环节。

Smearing mortar is a material used to level walls and protect the base layer. It may seem simple to construct, but in actual engineering, problems such as cracking, hollowing, and peeling are common. Many people think that the quality of the materials is not good, and even after changing several manufacturers' mortar, it still cracks. The problem actually lies in the construction process.

基层处理是第一步，也是非常容易省掉的一步。

Grassroots treatment is the first and easiest step to avoid.

抹面砂浆上墙之前，基层建议干净、坚实、无浮灰。混凝土墙面上的脱模剂、旧墙面的涂料层、砖墙上的浮灰，如果不清除就直接抹砂浆，砂浆粘的是灰不是墙，干了之后必然空鼓脱落。正确的做法是：混凝土墙面凿毛或涂界面剂，砖墙提前浇水湿润，旧墙面铲除松散层。基层吸水太快，砂浆里的水分被抢走，水泥来不及水化就干了，强度上不去，开裂是迟早的事。

Before applying the plastering mortar to the wall, the base must be clean, solid, and free of floating ash. If the release agent on the concrete wall, the coating layer on the old wall, and the floating ash on the brick wall are not removed, they will be directly coated with mortar. The mortar will stick to the ash, not the wall, and will inevitably become hollow and fall off after drying. The correct approach is to chisel or apply interface agent to the concrete wall surface, water the brick wall in advance to moisten it, and remove the loose layer from the old wall surface. The grassroots absorbs water too quickly, and the moisture in the mortar is taken away. The cement dries before it can hydrate, and the strength cannot be improved. Cracking is inevitable.

一次抹太厚，必裂。

If you apply too thick at once, it will crack.

抹面砂浆的施工厚度通常控制在5-10mm之间。超过这个厚度，砂浆在硬化过程中收缩量大，表面和内部的收缩不一致，就会产生裂缝。如果墙面平整度差、需要找平厚度超过10mm，应该分两次抹，第一遍抹完等初凝后再抹第二遍，不能一次性堆上去。有些施工队图省事，一次抹20mm厚，当时看着平，过一个采暖季全是裂纹。

The construction thickness of plastering mortar is usually controlled between 5-10mm. Beyond this thickness, the mortar undergoes significant shrinkage during the hardening process, resulting in inconsistent surface and internal shrinkage and the formation of cracks. If the wall surface has poor flatness and needs to be leveled with a thickness exceeding 10mm, it should be applied twice. After the first coat is completed and the initial setting is reached, the second coat should be applied. It cannot be stacked all at once. Some construction teams try to save time by applying a 20mm thick layer at once. At that time, it looked flat, but after a heating season, it was all cracked.

养护不到位，砂浆白抹了。

The maintenance is not in place, and the mortar is white.

水泥基砂浆的强度增长靠的是水化反应，水化反应需要水分。砂浆抹完后的前3天是养护关键期，要保持表面湿润，避免风吹日晒快速失水。夏季高温施工，砂浆表面水分蒸发太快，需要覆盖养护或喷洒养护剂；冬季低温施工，砂浆受冻后强度不再增长，来年开春就起皮脱落。济南四季分明，夏季和冬季施工的养护措施完全不同。

The strength growth of cement-based mortar relies on hydration reaction, which requires moisture. The first 3 days after the mortar is applied are the critical period for curing, and the surface should be kept moist to avoid rapid dehydration due to wind and sun exposure. During high temperature construction in summer, the moisture on the mortar surface evaporates too quickly, and it is necessary to cover or spray curing agents; During low-temperature construction in winter, the strength of mortar no longer increases after being frozen, and it will peel off in the following spring. Jinan has distinct four seasons, and the maintenance measures for summer and winter construction are completely different.

不同基层，选不同类型的抹面砂浆。

Choose different types of plastering mortar for different base layers.

混凝土基层、砖墙基层、加气块基层，对砂浆的粘结力和柔韧性要求不同。加气块吸水率高、变形大，需要用专用的加气块抹面砂浆，普通砂浆上去容易空鼓。外墙抹面砂浆还需要考虑抗裂和防水性能，通常要加抗裂纤维或聚合物成分。选购时问清楚砂浆的适用基层类型，别一种砂浆用到底。

Concrete base, brick wall base, and aerated block base have different requirements for the bonding strength and flexibility of mortar. Aerated blocks have high water absorption and large deformation, requiring the use of specialized aerated block plastering mortar. Ordinary mortar is prone to hollowing. The exterior wall plastering mortar also needs to consider crack resistance and waterproof performance, usually adding crack resistant fibers or polymer components. When making a purchase, clarify the applicable base type of mortar and use a different type of mortar to the end.

抹面砂浆的选型逻辑很清晰：基层处理干净、浇水湿润；一次抹灰厚度不超过10mm，厚了分两次；抹完后前3天保持湿润养护；根据基层类型选对砂浆品种。材料是基础，施工是关键，养护是保障。这三步都做到位，墙面才不会裂。

The selection logic of plastering mortar is very clear: clean base treatment, water and moisten; The thickness of one plastering should not exceed 10mm, and if it is too thick, it should be done twice; Keep moist and cured for the first 3 days after wiping; Select the appropriate mortar type based on the type of base layer. Materials are the foundation, construction is the key, and maintenance is the guarantee. If all three steps are done properly, the wall will not crack.

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This article is a friendly contribution from Jinan plaster mortar. For more information, please click: https://www.jnfhjc.com We will provide detailed answers to your questions. You are welcome to log in to our website and leave a message.