石膏粉补墙的正确方法主要包括以下步骤：

　　The correct method for using gypsum powder to repair walls mainly includes the following steps:

　　一、准备工具和材料

　　1、 Prepare tools and materials

　　工具：搅拌用的桶或容器、搅拌工具（电动搅拌器或木棒）、抹刀或刮刀、砂纸、刷子等。

　　Tools: mixing buckets or containers, mixing tools (electric mixers or wooden sticks), spatulas or scrapers, sandpaper, brushes, etc.

　　材料：硬度较好的石膏粉（特别是A级别或特级粉）、清水、乳白胶或白乳胶（可选）。

　　Materials: Gypsum powder with good hardness (especially A-grade or special grade powder), water, milk white glue or white latex (optional).

　　二、调配石膏粉

　　2、 Mixing gypsum powder

　　比例：按照水和石膏粉的比例进行调配，通常比例为28:100（即一份水配大约3.57份石膏粉），但具体比例可根据需要的稠度稍作调整。

　　Proportion: Mix according to the ratio of water and gypsum powder, usually in a ratio of 28:100 (i.e. one part of water is about 3.57 parts of gypsum powder), but the specific proportion can be adjusted slightly according to the required consistency.

　　顺序：先在容器中倒入适量清水，然后慢慢加入石膏粉，避免一次性倒入过多，防止石膏粉结块。

　　Sequence: First, pour an appropriate amount of water into the container, then slowly add gypsum powder to avoid pouring too much at once and prevent gypsum powder from clumping.

　　搅拌：用搅拌工具均匀搅拌石膏粉和水，直到形成没有气泡、没有结块的均匀浆状。搅拌时间不宜过长，因为石膏粉会迅速凝固。

　　Mixing: Use a mixing tool to evenly mix gypsum powder and water until a uniform slurry without bubbles or clumps is formed. The mixing time should not be too long, as gypsum powder will quickly solidify.

　　三、处理墙面

　　3、 Dealing with wall surfaces

　　清洁：确保修补表面干净、无油污、无浮尘。对于老化的墙面，可以轻轻打磨或湿润表面，增强石膏的附着力。

　　Cleaning: Ensure that the repaired surface is clean, free of oil stains and floating dust. For aging walls, gently polish or moisten the surface to enhance the adhesion of gypsum.

　　填补：将调配好的石膏浆填补到墙体的裂缝或坑洞中，填满后使用抹刀或刮刀轻轻刮平表面。对于较大的裂缝或坑洞，可以多次分层填充，每次填充厚度不宜过厚，等第一层稍干后再进行第二层。

　　Fill: Fill the cracks or holes in the wall with the prepared gypsum slurry, and then gently scrape the surface with a spatula or scraper. For larger cracks or pits, they can be filled multiple times in layers, and the thickness of each filling should not be too thick. Wait until the first layer is slightly dry before proceeding with the second layer.

　　四、修饰和打磨

　　4、 Decorate and polish

　　修饰边缘：在石膏开始初步硬化但还未完全干透时，可以用湿润的抹刀轻轻修饰边缘和表面，使其更加平滑。

　　Trimming the edges: When the plaster is beginning to harden but has not completely dried, a moist spatula can be used to gently trim the edges and surface to make them smoother.

　　干燥：等待石膏浆完全干燥。初凝时间通常为10~20分钟，但完全干燥可能需要24小时。

　　Drying: Wait for the gypsum slurry to completely dry. The initial setting time is usually 10-20 minutes, but complete drying may take 24 hours.

　　打磨：使用细砂纸打磨石膏表面，使其光滑平整。如果发现有不平或缺陷的地方，可以重新用薄层石膏修补，再次打磨。

　　Polishing: Use fine sandpaper to polish the surface of gypsum to make it smooth and even. If unevenness or defects are found, they can be repaired with a thin layer of gypsum and polished again.

　　五、注意事项

　　5、 Precautions

　　施工环境：确保施工环境干燥、无潮湿。过于潮湿的环境会延缓石膏粉的凝固时间，影响硬度。

　　Construction environment: Ensure that the construction environment is dry and free from moisture. An excessively humid environment can delay the solidification time of gypsum powder and affect its hardness.

　　加胶选择：如需在石膏粉中加入乳白胶或白乳胶以增强牢固度和光滑度，应注意加入后凝固时间会延长。

　　Glue selection: If you need to add milk white glue or white milk glue to gypsum powder to enhance firmness and smoothness, please note that the solidification time will be prolonged after adding.

　　安全防护：搅拌时避免石膏粉扬起，佩戴口罩防止吸入对呼吸道造成伤害；石膏粉与水混合后可能对皮肤有轻微刺激，建议施工时佩戴手套。

　　Safety protection: Avoid lifting gypsum powder during mixing, wear a mask to prevent inhalation and respiratory injury; Gypsum powder mixed with water may cause slight irritation to the skin. It is recommended to wear gloves during construction.

　　工具清洁：石膏粉凝固后难以清理，施工完成后应立即用清水清洗所有工具，防止石膏干固。

　　Tool cleaning: Gypsum powder is difficult to clean after solidification. After construction is completed, all tools should be immediately cleaned with clean water to prevent gypsum from drying out.

　　按照上述步骤进行石膏粉补墙，可以确保修补效果牢固、美观。

　　Following the above steps for gypsum powder wall repair can ensure a firm and aesthetically pleasing repair effect.

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